What is voiced retroflex stop?

A voiced retroflex stop is a consonant sound that is produced when the tongue makes contact with the retroflex area (the upper part of the tongue curled up towards the roof of the mouth) and blocks the airflow in the oral cavity. The vocal cords vibrate to produce a voiced sound.

This sound is represented by the International Phonetic Alphabet symbol [ɖ], and can be found in various languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, and Mandarin. It is also present in some English dialects, such as in the word "motor."

To produce the voiced retroflex stop, the tongue is curled up towards the roof of the mouth at the back and the middle of the tongue. Once the airstream is blocked, air pressure builds up and the vocal cords vibrate, producing a voiced sound.

It is important to note that the retroflex sounds, including the voiced retroflex stop, can be difficult for speakers of non-retroflex languages to produce and distinguish, as they are not present in their native language.